Pontiff uses his first official trip to the Middle East to call for urgent steps to end Syria's civil war, in a trip meant to reassure the region's dwindling Christian population
Jordan King
Abdullah II, right, walks with Pope Francis upon his arrival in Amman, Jordan Photo:
EPA
By Reuter
3:02PM BST 24
May 2014
Pope Francis
began his first visit as pope to the Holy Land by praising Jordan's efforts "to seek lasting peace
for the entire region".
"This
great goal urgently requires that a peaceful solution be found to the crisis in
Syria, as well as a just solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict," he
said.
More than
160,000 people have been killed in Syria's conflict and millions have fled to
neighbouring countries, including Jordan.
After meeting
King Abdullah and saying a Mass in an Amman stadium, the pontiff will meet some
of those Syrian refugees in Bethany on the Jordan, the place where according to
tradition Jesus was baptised, as well as others who fled violence in Iraq.
Pope Francis celebrates Mass at Ammon Stadium
Conflict across
the region, including the Arab revolts of recent years and the civil war in
Syria, has accelerated a historic decline in its Christian community.
In Israel and
the occupied West Bank, where the pope will travel on Sunday and Monday, more
Palestinian Christians are looking to leave, accusing Israel of eroding their
economic prospects and hobbling their freedom of movement.
Francis, leader
of the world's 1.2 billion Roman Catholics, will also use the trip to appeal to
members of all religions to work together for peace.
"Religious
freedom is in fact a fundamental human right and I cannot fail to express my
hope that it will be upheld throughout the Middle East and the entire
world," he said.
Technically,
the main reason for the trip is for Francis and the spiritual leader of the
world's Orthodox Christians to mark the 50th anniversary of a historic meeting
in Jerusalem by their predecessors which ended 900 years of Catholic-Orthodox
estrangement.
That highlight
will come on Sunday, when Francis and Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I
preside over a joint prayer service in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, where
Christians believe Jesus was crucified and resurrected.
At the
Jordanian stadium where Pope Francis said Mass on Saturday, thousands of people
cheered the news of his arrival in Amman.
But alongside
their celebrations, some expressed fears for their future in a region where
Christianity is rooted.
Thamer Boulus,
a 45-year-old Iraqi teacher, said he fled the city of Mosul with his family
because he was receiving death threats as a Christian." I want to
immigrate anywhere there is safety for me and my family. Religious extremism is
threatening Christians," he said.
Pope Francis gives a speech at the Royal Palace (AFP)
On Sunday
morning Pope Francis flies by helicopter to Bethlehem in the Israeli-occupied
West Bank, making a six-hour visit to what the Vatican's official programme
calls "the State of Palestine," a terminology Israel rejects.
Francis will
spend Monday in Jerusalem, visiting the grand mufti of Jerusalem and Israel's
chief rabbis separately.
He'll also pray
at the Western Wall and visit the Holocaust memorial at Yad Vashem and will
become the first pope to lay a wreath of flowers on Mount Herzl, named for the
founder of modern Zionism. He returns to the Vatican just before midnight
Monday night.
In 2012, the
Vatican angered Israel by supporting a vote in the United Nations General
Assembly to grant Palestinians de facto statehood recognition.
Israel argues
such a move should only come through negotiations.
Pope Francis waves to the faithful as he arrives at Amman International Stadium (REUTERS)
Palestinians
see the pope's visit, and the fact that he is flying in directly from Jordan
instead of going through Israel's security barrier from Jerusalem, as a major
morale boost. Jordan, a majority of whose population is of Palestinian origin,
signed a peace accord with Israel 20 years ago.
To underscore
his conviction that all three great monotheistic faiths can live together in
the region and help to tackle the political stalemate, Francis has enlisted a
rabbi and an Islamic leader to be part of a travelling papal delegation for the
first time.
The two – Rabbi
Abraham Skorka and Omar Abboud, director of the Institute for Religious
Dialogue in Buenos Aires – are friends from when Francis was cardinal in his
native Argentina.
Their presence
is "an extremely strong and explicit signal" about the importance of
inter-religious dialogue in the region, Vatican spokesman Father Federico
Lombardi said.
Pope Francis,
the first non-European pontiff in 1,300 years, will head on to Israel on Sunday
night for a 32-hour visit packed with 16 events.
Threats to
Christians have been scrawled by suspected Jewish radicals on Church property
in the Holy Land. One read: "Death to Arabs and Christians and all those
who hate Israel."
"Their
writings desecrate our religious symbols. They are written on walls of
churches, monasteries," Archbishop Fouad Twal, Jerusalem's top Catholic
official, said in Amman.
"We want
these perpetrators to be put to justice and we want to know who is behind these
extremist groups. They sour the peaceful atmosphere we want to create for the
Holy Father."
Israeli
security forces, fearing that Jewish militants might carry out a major action
against the Christian population or institutions, issued restraining orders
against several Jewish right-wing activists for the duration of the pope's
trip.
The last papal
pilgrimage to the Holy Land was in 2009 by Francis's predecessor, Pope
Benedict.
The Vatican
spokesman had suggested that with such a grueling schedule, Francis might not
have the strength for an on-board press conference on the return flight from
Israel. Francis, 77, who has only one full lung and has battled a cold and
fatigue that forced him to cancel some recent appointments, set the record
straight at the start of the trip.
"One of
you said a press conference wouldn't be possible because this is a 'deathly'
trip," he told reporters on board. "But returning home, I intend to
have the press conference."
He then greeted
reporters one by one - and even posed for a "selfie."
Edited by Harry
Alsop